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TMR 0046

File: /afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/cmt-15/pangloss/mikro/TMR/ejv0046.tmr
Primary Author: Ralf Brown 
Last Edit: 24 October 1994 Donalee Attardo


November 1993


 880203-0046 
 Dresser Industries Sets Venture 
 DALLAS  



***********************************************

last-modified: June-27-94 DA

TMR_0046
	speech_act		statement_1
	heads			%say_1 %sign_1 %tie-up_1 %say_2
				%expand_1 %reduce_1 %say_3 %approve_1
				%expend_1
	stylistic-factors	style_1
	time-relations	(temp-rel_1 temp-rel_2 temp-rel_3 temp-rel_4
				temp-rel_5 temp-rel_6 temp-rel_7 temp-rel_8
				temp-rel_9 temp-rel_10 temp-rel_11)
	attitudes		attitude_0 attitude_1 attitude_2 attitude_3
				attitude_4 attitude_5 attitude_6 attitude_7
				attitude_8 attitude_9 attitude_10 attitude_101
				attitude_7a
	focus
	coreferences		(set_1 set_2 set_3)
				(set_5 set_6)
						(%company_10 %company_11 %company_12 %company_13)
						(%government_1 %government_2)
	domain-relations	domain-rel_1 domain-rel_7
	textual-relations

***********************************************

last-modified: Dec-09-93 RB

;; Speech Act

statement_1
	scope		(set %say_1 %sign_1 %tie-up_1 %say_2
			%expand_1 %reduce_1 %add_3 %approve_1)
	speaker		*author*
	hearer		*reader*
	time		time_0
	source
	location	$Dallas		; from Dateline field
	relation
	attitude	attitude_0

time_0
	instance-of	*time
	type		*date
	date		880203		; revealed in article's dateline
	day		"Wednesday"	; computed

attitude_0
	type		epistemic
	value		1
	attribution	*author*
	scope		TMR_0046
	time		time_0

***********************************************

last-modified: Feb-01-94 DA

;; Stylistic Factors

style_1
	formality	.5
	respect		.5
	politeness	.5
	simplicity	.5
	color		.5
	force		.5
	directness	.5

***********************************************

last-modified: June-21-94 DA

;; Dresser Industries Inc. and Komatsu Ltd. of Japan said they signed a
;; memorandum of understanding to join their construction equipment
;; businesses in North, Central and South America.

;;---------------------------------------------

;; "Dresser Industries Inc. and Komatsu Ltd. of Japan said..."

;; note: the employer Komatsu is from Japan, not necessarily the spokesperson,
;; and the announcement need not have taken place in Japan, either.  However,
;; at the November meeting, it was decided to retain this metonymy in the TMR
;; and require the generator to deal with it in languages which can not
;; reproduce usage such as "CompanyX did Y".

;; note: since this is a news article, the event may be presumed to have
;; occurred in the very recent past, probably since the second-previous
;; issue of the publication (since it might have just missed the deadline
;; for the issue prior to the current one).

%say_1
	agent		set_1
	theme		%sign_1 
	time	time_1
	aspect		aspect_1
	attitude	attitude_1
	polarity	positive

set_1
	member-type *company
	cardinality	= 2
	elements	(set "Dresser Industries, Inc." "Komatsu Ltd.")
	
aspect_1
	phase		end
	iteration	single
	duration	momentary
	telicity	true

time_1
	absolute-time	{very recent past}

attitude_1
	type		epistemic
	value		1
	scope		%say_1
	attribution	*author*
	time		time_1

;;---------------------------------------------

;; "...they signed a memorandum of understanding..."

;; note: the purpose of the signing is the formation of the tie-up

;; note: at the November meeting, it was decided to allow the metonymy to
;;    remain in the TMR and require the generator to resolve it if the TL
;;    is unable to render such phrases as "CompanyX did Y".

%sign_1
	agent		set_2
	theme		%agreement_1
	purpose		%tie-up_1
	time	time_2
	aspect		aspect_2
	attitude	attitude_2
	polarity	positive

aspect_2			; the signing is an achievement
	phase		end
	iteration	single
	duration	momentary
	telicity	true
time_2
	absolute-time	{some time before the announcement}

attitude_2
	type		epistemic
	value		1
	scope		%sign_1
	attribution	set_2
	time		time_2

;;---------------------------------------------

;; "... to join their construction equipment businesses in North, Central,
;; and South America."

;; note: joining two businesses creates either a joint venture or a single
;;  merged company; the next sentence disambiguates this to a joint venture

%tie-up_1
	agent		set_3
	theme		set_4
	time	time_3
	aspect		aspect_3
	attitude	attitude_3
	polarity	positive

set_4
    member-type	*business
    cardinality = 2
    elements	(set %business_1 %business_2)

aspect_3
	phase		end
	iteration	single
	duration	momentary
	telicity	true

time_3
	absolute-time	{future}

attitude_3
	type		epistemic
	value		1
	scope		%tie-up_1
	attribution	set_3
	time		time_3

;; Dresser's construction equipment businesses in N,C,S America
%business_1
	ownership	%company_10
	product		%construction-equipment_1
	location	set_5
	cardinality > 1
	
%company_10
	name $"Dressler's Construction Co."
	
set_5
    member-type	*location
    elements	(set $"North America" $"Central America" $"South America")

;; Komatsu's construction equipment businesses in N,C,S America
%business_2
	ownership	$"Komatsu Ltd."
	product		%construction-equipment_2
	location	set_6 		;coreferenced with set_5
	cardinality > 1

-------------

;; gloss:  signing of the memorandum is for the purpose of joining the
;;         businesses

domain-rel_1
	type	purpose
				arg-1	%sign_1
				arg-2	%tie-up_1

***********************************************

last-modified: Feb-01-94 DA

;; The joint venture will have exclusive manufacture and market rights
;; and will encompass manufacturing plants, parts distribution depots,
;; engineering, training and test centers, and administrative offices
;; in the U.S., Canada and Brazil.

;;---------------------------------------------

;; "The joint venture will have exclusive manufacture and market rights...."
;; ** "exclusive?"

%possess_1
	agent		%joint-venture_1
	theme		(set %right_1 %right_2)
	time	time_4
	aspect		aspect_4
	attitude	attitude_4
	polarity	positive

%right_1
	instance-of	*right
	type		*manufacture
	cardinality	> 1

%right_2
	instance-of	*right
	type		*market
	cardinality	> 1

aspect_4
	phase		continuous
	iteration	single
	duration	prolonged
	telicity	false

time_4
	absolute-time	{future}

attitude_4
	type		epistemic
	value		1
	scope		%possess_1
	attribution	*author*
	time		time_4

;;---------------------------------------------

;; "... and will encompass manufacturing plants, parts distribution depots,
;; engineering, training and test centers, and administrative offices
;; in the U.S., Canada and Brazil."

%encompass_1
	agent		%tie-up_1
	theme		(set %plant_1 %depot_1 %center_1 %center_2 %center_3
			%offices_1)
	location	set_7
	time	time_5
	aspect		aspect_5
	attitude	attitude_5
	polarity	positive

set_7
	instance-of	*set
	member-type	*location
	cardinality	= 3
	elements	(set $"United States" $Canada $Brazil)

%plant_1
	instance-of	*factory
	type		*manufacturing
	cardinality	> 1

%depot_1
	instance-of	*depot
	type		*part-distribution
	cardinality	> 1

%center_1
	instance_of	*center
	type		*engineering
	cardinality	> 1

%center_2
	instance-of	*center
	type		*training
	cardinality	> 1

%center_3
	instance-of	*center
	type		*test
	cardinality	> 1

%office_1
	instance-of	*office
	type		*administration
	cardinality	> 1

aspect_5
	phase		continuous
	iteration	single
	duration	prolonged
	telicity	false

time_5
	absolute-time	{future}

attitude_5
	type		epistemic
	value   	1
	scope   	%encompass_1
	attribution	*author*
	time		time_5

***********************************************

last-modified: Feb-01-94 DA

;; Dresser said it expects that major capital expenditure for expansion
;; of U.S. manufacturing capacity will reduce imports from Japan.

;;---------------------------------------------

;; "Dresser said..."

%say_2
	agent		%company_11
	theme		%expand_1
	time	time_6
	aspect		aspect_6
	attitude	attitude_6
	polarity	positive

aspect_6
	phase		end
	iteration	single
	duration	momentary
	telicity	true

time_6
	absolute-time	{recent past}

attitude_6
	type		epistemic
	value		1
	scope		(set %expand_1 %reduce_1)
	attribution	%spokesperson_1
	time		time_6

;;---------------------------------------------

;; "... major capital expenditure for expansion of U.S. manufacturing
;; capacity will reduce imports from Japan."

;;   -> a) US companies expand US manuf. capacity by capital expenditures

%expand_1
	agent		set_8
	theme		%production-capacity_1
	instrument	%expend_1
	time	time_7
	aspect		aspect_7
	attitude	attitude_7
	polarity	positive

set_8
    member-type	%company_1
				    location $"United States"
	cardinality > 1
	

;; "US manufacturing capacity
%production-capacity_1
	location	$"United States"



time_7
	absolute-time	{future}

aspect_7
	phase		begin
	iteration	single
	duration	prolonged
	telicity	false


;; "...it expects that..."
attitude_7
	type		expectation
	value		1			; "expects"
	scope		%expand_1
	attribution	%company_10
	time		time_6		; expectation is at time of statement

;;---------------------------------------------
;; "capital expenditures"
%expend_1
	agent		%set_8
	theme		%capital_1
	prominence	>0.8
        time        time_7a
        aspect          aspect_7a
        attitude        attitude_7a
        polarity        positive

time_7a
	absolute-time	{future}

aspect_7a
	phase		begin
	iteration	single
	duration	prolonged
	telicity	false

attitude_7a
	type		epistemic
	value		1	
	scope		%expend_1
	attribution	%company_10
	time		time_6


;;--------------------------------------------

;; ....which results in...

domain-rel_7
	type	result
		arg-1	%expand_1
		arg-2	%reduce_1

;;---------------------------------------------

;;   -> b) US customers reduce imports from Japan

%reduce_1
	agent		%customer_1
			    	location $"United States"
	theme		%import_1
	time	time_8
	aspect		aspect_8
	attitude	attitude_8
	polarity	positive

%import_1
	cardinality	> 1
	source	$Japan

aspect_8
	phase		begin
	iteration	single
	duration	prolonged
	telicity	false

time_8
	absolute-time	{future}

attitude_8
	type		epistemic
	scope		(set %reduce_1 %import_1)
	attribution	%company_10
	time		time_6

***********************************************

last-modified: June-18-94 DA

;; It added that the proposed transaction will require government
;; clearance.

;; note: "added" implies the same spokesperson as before

;;---------------------------------------------

;; "It added that..."

%add_3
	agent		%company_12
	theme		%approve_1
	time	time_9
	aspect		aspect_9
	attitude	attitude_9
	polarity	positive

aspect_9
	phase		continue
	iteration	single
	duration	momentary
	telicity	true

time_9
	absolute-time	{just after previous statement}

attitude_9
	type	    epistemic
	value       1
	scope       %add_1
	attribution	%company_12
	time		time_9

;;---------------------------------------------

;; "...the proposed transaction will require goverment clearance."

;; gloss: "the government must first approve the proposed transaction"
; note: the proposed transaction is the formation of the joint venture

%approve_1
	agent		set_9
	theme		%create_1
	time	time_10
	aspect		aspect_10
	attitude	attitude_10
	polarity	positive

set_9
    member-type %employee_6
	employee-of %government_2
    cardinality >= 1

%propose_1 
     agent %company_13 
     theme %create_1  ;; (theme of create_1 is
                      ;; transaction)

%create_1
	theme	%transaction_1
	time	time_10a
	attitude_101

;; There is an potential attitude on the theme to indicate that we
;; are not 100% sure that the event %create_1 will happen:

attitude_101
     type     potential
     scope    %create_1
     value    <1.0
     attribution  *author*

aspect_10
**	phase		?
	iteration	single
	duration	momentary
	telicity	true

time_10
	absolute-time	{future}

attitude_10		;requires
	type		deontic
	value		1
	scope		%approve_1
	attribution	%spokesperson_2
	time		time_10

***********************************************

last-modified: Dec-09-93 RB

;; Time Relations

;; the announcement occurred before the newspaper report

temp-rel_1
	type	after
	arg-1	time_0
	arg-2	time_1

;; the signing of the memorandum took place before the announcement

temp-rel_2
	type	after
	arg-1	time_1
	arg-2	time_2

;; the joining will occur after the signing of the memorandum

temp-rel_3
	type	after
	arg-1	time_3
	arg-2	time_2

;; the joint venture will have...rights after it is formed

temp-rel_4
	type	after
	arg-1	time_4
	arg-2	time_3

;; the joint venture will encompass.... after it is formed
temp-rel_5
	type	after
	arg-1	time_5
	arg-2	time_3

;; Dresser said... before the text was written

temp-rel_6
	type	after
	arg-1	time_0
	arg-2	time_6

;; capital expenditure will reduce... after Dresser's statement

temp-rel_7
	type	after
	arg-1	time_7
	arg-2	time_6

temp-rel_8
	type	after
	arg-1	time_8
	arg-2	time_6

;; Dresser added... after prior announcement and before article was written

temp-rel_9
	type	after
	arg-1	time_0
	arg-2	time_9

temp-rel_10
	type	after
	arg-1	time_9
	arg-2	time_6

;; the proposed transaction will require government approval after Dresser's
;; statement that the approval will be required

temp-rel_11
	type	after
	arg-1	time_10
	arg-2	time_9

***********************************************


END  END  END  END  END	 END  END  END	END  END  END  END  END	 END  END  END